if引导的条件状语从句可以分为两类:真实条件句和虚拟条件句。凡是假设的情况发生的可能很大,就是真实条件句;当假设是不大可能实现时,就是虚拟条件句。如:if i have time,i will help you with this work.如果我有时间,我会帮助你做的。
if引导虚拟条件句用法
1.(表示条件)如果,主句用将来时,if从句用现在时表示将来。
He will come if you invite him.
如果你请他,他会来的。
2.(表示虚拟)假如,要是。
时态:可以表示过去,现在和将来的情况。它的基本特点是时态退后。
a.同现在事实相反的假设。
一般过去时should(would)+动词原形
If they were here,they would help you.
b.表示于过去事实相反的假设。
过去完成时should(would)have+过去分词
If she had worked harder,she would have succeeded.
c.表示对将来的假想。
一般过去时should+动词原形
were+不定式would+动词原形
should+动词原形
If you succeeded,everything would be all right.
3.是否=whether连接宾语从句。
I wonder if she is ill.