托福写作普通人物例子怎么用

　　经常有同学会问：作文里是不是不能写自己的例子，只能写名人或者数据。答案是：不。托福作文完全可以写自己的例子或者自己身边人物的例子：既然我们有过相似经历，为什么不写呢?然后就产生了第二个问题，如何能把自己的例子写的不像流水账，而是一个活生生的，效果逼真的“论据”。

　　首先，我们的例子从何说起?从主题句和解释说明句的关键词说起。写文章的过程其实就是挖坑和填坑的过程：前面主题句挖了几个关键词，后面的例子就要把这几个关键词细致展开，有理有据，这样文章才是饱满和立体的。换句话说，例子不是瞎写，盲目地凑字数，而是需要我们顺着关键词这个线索一点点展开，直到最后说清楚，就好像推理小说最后解释清楚了每个谜团一样。下面，我们就以一篇文章为例来探讨下人物例子的写法。

　　这篇文章的题目是：Do youagree or disagree with the following statement?

　　In order tocelebrate major events, it’s better to organize a big party with lots of peoplethan to have a small party where only close friends and relatives are invited.

　　我的观点是不同意，也就是说我认为还是小party好。分论点之一是小party能节省开支，以下是我的论证段之一：

　　A small party with only close friends andrelatives may cost less and therefore much more economical. Such cost wouldinclude monetary cost such as invitation cards, decorations and food suppliesand additionally, time cost as well. For example, I used to have a big birthday party at my 20years old with more than 50 people participated, many of whom I barely knew.When I prepared for it, I had to spend a lot of time on writing invitationcards for each of them, buying food supplies that would be of little use in thefuture, and decorating my room with many ribbons and balloons that would bethrown away soon afterwards. Not only has my time been wasted, these also havecost me more than 500 dollars. If I had been given another chance, I would havechosen to have a rather smaller party which helps me save a lot of time andmoney.

　　大家可以看到，我的主题句有这么几个关键词：small party, cost less, economical，很明显说的是节省钱。那么在解释说明的时候我便针对这其中的一些关键词进行了展开，特别解释了party的cost都包含什么。最后开始写我的例子，首先例子当中需要出现一个major event，即我的生日party, 并且是个大party，我为了这个party，花费了多少钱，包括前面解释说明说到的花费在“邀请函的钱，装饰的钱和买食物的钱”等等。这些钱加总在一起很多，让我觉得很后悔，早知自己开个小party了。表达后悔的感情最后可以用一个虚拟语气，收尾，再次起到点题的作用。

　　其实，这个例子写下来并不难，很多都是基础内容，大家只需要一步步像解数学题一样，沿着某个线索，按部就班地写下来就可以了。作文看似是思想的发挥，但背后系需要有一个严密的逻辑作为指导，这样的文章才是标准的议论文，才能让读者信服。